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tree is in arctic; never more than boot-top- or waist-high; leaves are tinyarctic dwarf birch Betula nana
bark=white w/large dark ∧ triangles; branch tips usually bear 1 catkin[?]◼︎ gray birch Betula populifolia bark=white over orange; buds not sticky with resin📄︎ paper birch or ◼︎ American white birch Betula papyrifera bark=white; buds sticky with resin🇪🇺 ◼︎ European white birch Betula pendula
bark=yellow to red-brown, ragged, shaggy; twigs=⫴ hairy♒︎ river birch Betula nigra bark=bronze or silver, peeling in thin curly flakes; twigs=taste weakly of wintergreen◼︎ yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis bark=dark-brown not-peeling; cones=upright into winter; twigs+buds=taste strongly of wintergreencherry or sweet birch Betula lenta
Part of alder / birch / hazel / hornbeam family Betulaceae in bayberry / beech / birch / oak / walnut order Fagales.
🗺 Map by county (🇺🇸 USA-48) (color key).
Uses by native peoples(Ethnobotany database) Betula hosts caterpillars of 413 speciesof butterflies and moths, in some areas.
🔍︎ 🔍︎ images Discover Life Encyclopedia of Life Michigan Flora Flora of North America USDA PLANTS db Wikipedia
🏠︎ alder / birch / hazel / hornbeam branches family Betulaceae ◼︎ yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis cherry or sweet birch Betula lenta arctic dwarf birch Betula nana ♒︎ river birch Betula nigra 📄︎ paper birch or ◼︎ American white birch Betula papyrifera 🇪🇺 ◼︎ European white birch Betula pendula ◼︎ gray birch Betula populifolia