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with needles or scales that are … 🌲︎ there nowevergreen or growing season 🍃︎ now gonedeciduous[?], dormant season :
with needles or scales that are … long (1–45 cm) (½–18 in) or long (if mature) or short (if young), splay left + right + up + down + all angles, branches=widely spaced and arranged=❋ whorledaraucaria genus Araucaria or short (<1 cm) (<½ in) :
singlyfir spruce hemlock et al genera Abies Casuarina Picea Pseudotsuga Taxodium Tsuga
in bundles of 2–5pine genus Pinus in tufts of 6+, 🍃︎ deciduouslarch genus Larix
soft spikes in new growth and overlapping scales in old growth or
overlapping scales, some | sharp and prickly, from North America or
overlapping scales, branch ends splay ___ flat, as if ironed or overlapping scales, branch ends splay in any direction or
needles=| stiff, sharp and short, ◼︎♦ 4-sided[?], and twig=rough where needles fall offspruce genus Picea :
bark=light shreddy; if present, fruit=juicy, smaller than little fingernailjuniper genus Juniperus
east of ⛰ Rocky Mountains◼︎ eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana west of ⛰ Rocky Mountains, looks wilted◼︎ Alaska yellow cedar Cupressus nootkatensis
twig ends look jointedCalifornia incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens foliage=fragrant and glossy; cones=oblong, leathery◼︎ western redcedar Thuja plicata cones=spherical; can rub white off foliagePort Orford cedar Chamaecyparis lawsoniana in swamp or area of limestone◼︎ northern white cedar / eastern arborvitae Thuja occidentalis
overlapping narrow scales◼︎ Atlantic white cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides needles=awl-shape, arranged=spiralgiant sequoia Sequoiadendron giganteum
fruit=woody round (≥1 cm) (≥½ in)cypress genus Cupressus fruit=fleshy berry-like (<1 cm) (<½ in)juniper genus Juniperus
Pinales hosts caterpillars of >247 speciesof butterflies and moths, in some areas.
Conifers (together with ginkgo Ginkgo biloba, cycad order Cycadales and a few more), have 'naked' seeds ( gymnosperm ), by not enclosing its seeds with any ovary structure.
🔍︎ 🔍︎ images Encyclopedia of Life Gymnosperm database NRCS PLANTS db Ohio Plants Wikipedia
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🌳︎🌲︎🌵︎🍁︎ ♒︎ ☙ terrestrial woody plants 🌳︎🍁︎ 📅︎ broadleaves, a month or more after most other deciduous plants 🍃︎ lost their leaves, dormant season
araucaria genus Araucaria
California incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens 🇦🇺 Australian pine or beach she-oak Casuarina equisetifolia Port Orford cedar Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ◼︎ Atlantic white cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides cypress family Cupressaceae cypress genus Cupressus ◼︎ Alaska yellow cedar Cupressus nootkatensis
ginkgo Ginkgo biloba
juniper genus Juniperus ◼︎ eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana
spruce genus Picea
🌲︎ pine genus Pinus limber pine or ⛰◼︎ Rocky Mountain white pine Pinus flexilis giant sequoia Sequoiadendron giganteum
bald cypress Taxodium distichum 🇪🇺 European yew Taxus baccata ◼︎ northern white cedar / eastern arborvitae Thuja occidentalis ◼︎ western redcedar Thuja plicata eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla