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with needles or scales that are … 🌲︎ there nowevergreen or growing season 🍃︎ now gonedeciduous[?], dormant season :
with needles or scales that are … long (1-45 cm) (½-18 in) or short (<1 cm) (<½ in) or long (if mature) or short (if young), splay left + right + up + down + all angles, branches=widely spaced and arranged=❋ whorledaraucaria genus Araucaria :
singlyfir spruce hemlock genera Abies Picea Tsuga
in bundles of 2-5pines genus Pinus in tufts of 6+, 🍃︎ deciduouslarches genus Larix
soft spikes in new growth and overlapping scales in old growth or
overlapping scales, some | sharp and prickly, from North America or
overlapping scales, branch ends splay ___ flat, as if ironed or overlapping scales, branch ends splay in any direction :
bark=light shreddy; if present, fruit=juicy, smaller than little fingernailjuniper genus Juniperus
east of 🗻︎ Rocky Mountains◼ eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana west of 🗻︎ Rocky Mountains, looks wilted◼ Alaska yellow cedar Cupressus nootkatensis
twig ends look jointedCalifornia incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens foliage=fragrant and glossy; cones=oblong, leathery◼ western redcedar Thuja plicata cones=spherical; can rub white off foliagePort Orford cedar Chamaecyparis lawsoniana in swamp or area of limestone◼ northern white cedar / eastern arborvitae Thuja occidentalis
overlapping narrow scales◼ Atlantic white cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides needles=awl-shape, arranged=spiralgiant sequoia Sequoiadendron giganteum
fruit=woody round (≥1 cm) (≥½ in)cypress genus Cupressus fruit=fleshy berry-like (<1 cm) (<½ in)juniper genus Juniperus
Pinales hosts caterpillars of >247 speciesof butterflies and moths, in some areas.
Conifers (together with ginkgo Ginkgo biloba, cycads order Cycadales and a few more), have 'naked' seeds ( gymnosperm ), by not enclosing its seeds with any ovary structure.
Encyclopedia of Life Google Google images Gymnosperm database USDA PLANTS db Wikipedia
🌳︎🌲︎🌵︎🍁︎ ♒︎ ❧ terrestrial woody plants 🌳︎🍁︎ broadleaves, a month or more after most other deciduous plants lost their leaves, dormant season
araucaria genus Araucaria 🇦🇺 Australian pine Casuarina equisetifolia cypress family Cupressaceae ginkgo Ginkgo biloba 🌲︎ pine genus Pinus ◼ northern white cedar / eastern arborvitae Thuja occidentalis ◼ western redcedar Thuja plicata eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla