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with … bark=white w/large dark ∧ triangles; branch tips usually bear 1 catkin [?]◼︎ gray birch Betula populifolia bark=white over orange; buds not sticky with resin◼︎ American white birch/paper birch Betula papyrifera bark=white; buds sticky with resin🇪🇺 ◼︎ European white birch Betula pendula
bark=yellow to red-brown, ragged, shaggy; twigs=hairy♒︎ river birch Betula nigra bark=bronze or silver, peeling in thin curly flakes; twigs=taste weakly of wintergreen◼︎ yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis bark=dark-brown not-peeling; cones=upright into winter; twigs+buds=taste strongly of wintergreencherry birch Betula lenta
Part of alder / birch / hazel / hornbeam family Betulaceae in bayberry / beech / birch / oak / walnut order Fagales.
Uses by native peoples(Ethnobotany database) Betula hosts caterpillars of 413 speciesof butterflies and moths, in some areas.
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alder / birch / hazel / hornbeam branches family Betulaceae ◼︎ yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis cherry birch Betula lenta ♒︎ river birch Betula nigra ◼︎ American white birch/paper birch Betula papyrifera 🇪🇺 ◼︎ European white birch Betula pendula ◼︎ gray birch Betula populifolia