with …

twigs=thin  (≤12 mm) (≤½ in)   OR  cut twigs show  little  ⊚ pith[?]  or
twigs=thick (>12 mm) (>½ in) AND cut twigs show mostly ⊚ pith[?] :

Twigs=thick (>12 mm) (>½ in) AND cut twigs show mostly ⊚ pith

terminal bud much larger than other buds;  each bud has bark fold circling the twig
magnolia  genus Magnolia

terminal buds larger than side buds;  small tree in wet area
⚠︎✋︎ DO NOT TOUCH ✋︎⚠︎  poison sumac  Toxicodendron vernix

no terminal bud[?];  ⬮ leaf scars[?] have 3–5 BUNDLE SCARS[?]
☕︎ Kentucky coffeetree  Gymnocladus dioicus

no terminal bud[?];  ⬮ leaf scars[?] have many BUNDLE SCARS[?];  bark=​___ smooth tan or light gray, many lenticels[?]
tree of heaven  Ailanthus altissima

shrubby, not a tree[?];  stem and twigs=⫴ hairy;  leaf scar[?] shape=C
staghorn sumac  Rhus typhina