with …

twigs=thin  (≤12 mm) (≤½ in)  OR  cut twigs show little pith  or

twigs=thick (>12 mm) (>½ in) AND cut twigs show mostly pith :

Twigs=thick (>12 mm) (>½ in) AND cut twigs show mostly pith

terminal bud much larger than other buds;  each bud has bark fold circling the twig
magnolias  genus Magnolia
terminal buds larger than side buds;  small tree in wet area
X✋︎ DO NOT TOUCH ✋︎X poison sumac  Toxicodendron vernix

no terminal bud;  leaf scars have 3-5 BUNDLE SCARS
Kentucky coffeetree  Gymnocladus dioicus
no terminal bud;  leaf scars have many BUNDLE SCARS;  bark=smooth tan or light gray, lots of lenticels
tree of heaven  Ailanthus altissima

shrubby, not a tree;  stem and twigs=hairy;  leaf scar shape=C
staghorn sumac  Rhus typhina